Many older adults acquire an autoimmune condition called pernicious anaemia. Thus, no matter how much red meat, eggs, or chicken is consumed – which is rich in vitamin B12 – a deficiency will still occur. One physical warning sign of a vitamin B12 deficiency is glossitis – otherwise known as a sore and red tongue, the NHS explained.
Glossitis
The tongue will be inflamed and swollen, and it might have a “shiny, red surface”, said Medical News Today.
The Health Service Executive (HSE) pointed out the other symptoms of a vitamin B12 deficiency.
This includes extreme tiredness, a lack of energy, pins and needles, mouth ulcers and muscle weakness.
Some people might experience disturbed vision and psychological and memory issues.
Left untreated, symptoms of a vitamin B12 deficiency can become irreversible.
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Health complications include heart conditions, the increased risk of heart failure, and problems with the nervous system.
This is why it’s important to have regular blood tests to check on your overall health.
A quick blood test can demonstrate to your GP whether you need treatment or not.
Treatment usually involves taking injections or tablets, which might be life-long.
The specific part of the gut that plays a role in the reabsorption of intrinsic factor is known as the distal ileum.
If intrinsic factor can’t be made, then vitamin B12 travels through the gut to then be excreted.
The exact cause behind pernicious anaemia is unknown, but it tends to affect more women than men.
In addition, women of a certain age – around 60 years old – seem to be the most affected.
